Apache basic authentication

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First you have to decide if you are creating a new password file or adding a user to an existing password file. In these examples the user is name "staff".

Add a user to an existing .htpasswd file:

htpasswd /var/www/htdocs/restricted_dir/.htpasswd staff

Create a new .htpasswd file (note the -c option):

htpasswd -c /var/www/htdocs/restricted_dir/.htpasswd staff

Create a .htaccess file:

AuthType Basic
AuthName "Restricted Area"
AuthUserFile /var/www/htdocs/restricted_dir/.htpasswd
Require valid-user